一、项目背景

python大作业，在查看了老师给的链接发现教学视频不完整，所以借用了同学的《Python编程 从入门到实践》中的一个项目，学习模仿。

二、游戏具体介绍

这是一款由辉辉亲自打造的太空对战小游戏。游戏背景：在广袤无垠的太空里有一群蓝精灵（不是）有一群邪恶的坏人，你的任务就是驾驶飞船摧毁他们。摧毁一群外星人，你的等级会高一级，同时你的子弹速度以及敌人也会变得更快，努力去超过那个最高分吧！生命：一共四条，珍惜生命！玩法：点击键盘的a向左走，点击键盘的d向右走，点击鼠标左键发射子弹。功能（不建议多按，因为会出死机）：i键：控制背景音乐；o键：控制音效；q键：停止游戏。彩蛋：w键：连续发射子弹；p键：可以召唤超级武器；

三、主要代码

主函数：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""Created on Tue Nov 29 17:44:22 @author: 18705"""'''self就是创建可以引用的一个值可以传递的实参，其他形参靠他。同时，self.name是属性，self.name()是方法。super是父类等等。'''import sysfrom time import sleepimport pygamefrom settings import Settingsfrom game_stats import GameStatsfrom scoreboard import Scoreboardfrom button import Buttonfrom buttonhelp import ButtonHelpfrom ship import Shipfrom bg import Bgfrom bullet import Bulletfrom alien import Alienfrom music import Musicclass AlienInvasion:'''管理游戏资源和行为的类'''def __init__(self):'''初始化游戏并且创建游戏资源'''pygame.init()self.settings = Settings()self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((self.settings.screen_width,self.settings.screen_height),pygame.RESIZABLE)icon = pygame.image.load("images/plant.png")pygame.display.set_icon(icon)pygame.display.set_caption("星球大战")#创建一个用于统计游戏信息的示例#并创建记分牌self.stats = GameStats(self)self.sb = Scoreboard(self)#外星飞船self.bg =Bg(self)self.ship = Ship(self)self.bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()self.aliens = pygame.sprite.Group()self.music = Music(self)#背景音乐#背景音乐的播放不能放到主循环里面self.music.bgm2()#尝试换音乐，失败了'''self.control_bgm_t = Trueif self.control_bgm_t:self.music.bgm2()else:self.music.bgm1()'''self.control_bgm = Falseself.n=False#设置背景颜色#self.bg_color = (230,230,230)#创建外星人群self._create_fleet()#创建Play按钮self.play_button = Button(self,'play')#创建Help按钮self.help_button = ButtonHelp(self,'help')#连发子弹self.control_bullet = False#关闭音效self.control_sound = Trueself.nn = False#大子弹self.control_bullet_big = Falsedef run_game(self):'''开始游戏的主循环'''while True:self._check_events()if self.stats.game_active:self.ship.update()self._update_bullets()self._update_aliens()self._update_screen()#自动发射子弹if self.control_bullet:self._fire_bullet()#控制bgm开关if self.control_bgm:self.music.bgm_pause()self.n=Trueelif not self.control_bgm and self.n==True:self.music.bgm_unpause()self.n= not self.ndef _check_events(self):#监视键盘和鼠标事件for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:#将高分添加到txt中with open('high_score.txt','w') as file_object:file_object.write(str(self.stats.high_score))file_object.close()pygame.quit()sys.exit()#设置长按移动elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:self._check_keydown_events(event)elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:self._check_keyup_events(event)elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:self._check_mousebuttondown_events(event)def _check_keydown_events(self,event):'''相应按键'''if event.key == pygame.K_d:#向右移动飞船self.ship.moving_right = Trueelif event.key == pygame.K_a:#向左移动飞船self.ship.moving_left = Trueelif event.key == pygame.K_q:#将高分添加到txt中with open('high_score.txt','w') as file_object:file_object.write(str(self.stats.high_score))file_object.close()pygame.quit()sys.exit()elif event.key == pygame.K_w:self.control_bullet =not self.control_bullet elif event.key == pygame.K_i:self.control_bgm = not self.control_bgm elif event.key == pygame.K_o:self.control_sound = not self.control_sound #elif event.key == pygame.K_p:#self.control_bgm_t = not self.control_bgm_telif event.key == pygame.K_p:self.control_bullet_big = not self.control_bullet_bigdef _check_keyup_events(self,event):'''响应松开'''if event.key == pygame.K_d:#向右移动飞船self.ship.moving_right = Falseelif event.key == pygame.K_a:#向右移动飞船self.ship.moving_left = Falsedef _check_mousebuttondown_events(self,event):'''响应鼠标'''if event.button == 1:self._fire_bullet()#设置play的功能和help的功能，其实应该封装一下的，哈哈哈哈。偷懒了button_clicked = self.play_button.rect.collidepoint(event.pos)buttonhelp_clicked = self.help_button.rect.collidepoint(event.pos)if button_clicked and not self.stats.game_active:#重置游戏设置self.settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()#重置游戏统计·信息self.stats.reset_stats()self.stats.game_active = True self.sb.prep_score()self.sb.prep_level()self.sb.prep_ships()#清空余下的外星人和子弹self.aliens.empty()self.bullets.empty()#创建一群新外星人并且居中self._create_fleet()self.ship.center_ship()#隐藏鼠标光标pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)if buttonhelp_clicked and not self.stats.game_active:with open('help.txt',encoding='utf-8') as helptext:content = helptext.read()print(content)helptext.close()def _fire_bullet(self):if len(self.bullets)<self.settings.bullets_allowed:new_bullet = Bullet(self)self.bullets.add(new_bullet)#控制子弹音效if self.control_sound:self.music.bullet()self.nn = Trueelif not self.control_sound and self.nn:self.music.bullet_stop()self.nn = not self.nndef _update_bullets(self):self.bullets.update()#删除消失的子弹for bullet in self.bullets.copy():if bullet.rect.bottom <=0:self.bullets.remove(bullet)#print(len(self.bullets))#检查是否有子弹击中外星人self._check_bullet_alien_collisions()def _check_bullet_alien_collisions(self):'''响应子弹和外星人碰撞'''collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(self.bullets, self.aliens, True, True)if collisions:for aliens in collisions.values():#控制子弹和外星人碰撞音效if self.control_sound:self.music.alien()self.nn = Trueelif not self.control_sound and self.nn:self.music.alien_stop()self.nn = not self.nnself.stats.score += self.settings.alien_points*len(aliens)self.sb.prep_score()self.sb.check_high_score()if not self.aliens:#删除现有的子弹并新建一群外星人self.bullets.empty()self._create_fleet()self.settings.increase_speed()#提高等级self.stats.level +=1self.sb.prep_level()def _update_aliens(self):'''更新外星人位置'''self._check_fleet_edges()self.aliens.update()#检测外星人和飞船之间的碰撞if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.ship, self.aliens):#print("Ship hit!!!")self._ship_hit()#检查是否有外星人到达了屏幕底端self._check_aliens_bottom()def _create_fleet(self):'''创建外星人群。'''alien = Alien(self)alien_width,alien_height = alien.rect.sizeavailable_space_x = self.settings.screen_width - (2*alien_width)number_aliens_x = available_space_x // (2*alien_width)#计算屏幕可以容纳多少外星人ship_height = self.ship.rect.heightavailable_space_y = (self.settings.screen_height - (3*alien_height) - ship_height)#每行不超过79个字符number_rows = available_space_y // (2*alien_height)#创建外星人群for row_number in range(number_rows):for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):self._create_alien(alien_number,row_number)def _create_alien(self,alien_number,row_number):alien = Alien(self)alien_width,alien_height = alien.rect.sizealien.x = alien_width + 2*alien_width*alien_numberalien.rect.x = alien.xalien.rect.y = alien.rect.height + 2*alien.rect.height*row_numberself.aliens.add(alien)def _check_fleet_edges(self):'''有外星人到达边缘采取响应的措施'''for alien in self.aliens.sprites():if alien.check_edges():self._change_fleet_direction()breakdef _change_fleet_direction(self):'''整群下移，改变方向'''for alien in self.aliens.sprites():alien.rect.y += self.settings.fleet_drop_speedself.settings.fleet_direction *=-1def _ship_hit(self):'''响应飞船被外星人撞到'''if self.stats.ships_left >0:#将ship_left减一并更新记分牌self.stats.ships_left -=1self.sb.prep_ships()#清空余下的外星人和子弹self.aliens.empty()self.bullets.empty()#创建一群新的外星人，并将飞船放到屏幕底端的中央self._create_fleet()self.ship.center_ship()#爆炸效果self.music.blitme()pygame.display.flip()#控制飞船和外星人碰撞音效if self.control_sound:self.music.bow()self.nn = Trueelif not self.control_sound and self.nn:self.music.bow_stop()self.nn = not self.nn#暂停sleep(2)else:self.stats.game_active = Falsepygame.mouse.set_visible(True)def _check_aliens_bottom(self):'''检查外星人是否到达了屏幕底端'''screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()for alien in self.aliens.sprites():if alien.rect.bottom >=screen_rect.bottom:#像飞船悲壮一样处理self._ship_hit()breakdef _update_screen(self):#每次循环都重绘屏幕self.screen.fill(self.settings.bg_color)self.bg.action()# 绘制元素图片self.bg.blitme()#self.bg.blitme()self.ship.blitme()#让最近绘制的屏幕可见for bullet in self.bullets.sprites():bullet.draw_bullet()self.aliens.draw(self.screen)#显示得分self.sb.show_score()#如果游戏处于非活动状态，就绘制Play按钮if not self.stats.game_active:self.play_button.draw_button()if not self.stats.game_active:self.help_button.draw_button()pygame.display.flip()if __name__ == '__main__':#创建游戏实例并运行游戏ai = AlienInvasion()ai.run_game()

子弹函数：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""Created on Tue Nov 29 21:42:02 @author: 18705"""import pygamefrom pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Bullet(Sprite):'''管理飞船所发子弹的类'''def __init__(self,ai_game):'''在飞船当前位置创建一个子弹对象'''super().__init__()self.screen =ai_game.screenself.settings= ai_game.settingsself.control_bullet_b = ai_game.control_bullet_bigif not self.control_bullet_b:self.color = self.settings.bullet_color#在（0，0）处创建一个表示子弹的矩形，再设置正确的位置self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0,self.settings.bullet_width,self.settings.bullet_height)self.rect.midtop = ai_game.ship.rect.midtop#存储用小鼠表示的子弹位置self.y = float(self.rect.y)else:self.color = self.settings.bullet_color_s#在（0，0）处创建一个表示子弹的矩形，再设置正确的位置self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0,self.settings.bullet_width_s,self.settings.bullet_height_s)self.rect.midtop = ai_game.ship.rect.midtop#存储用小鼠表示的子弹位置self.y = float(self.rect.y)def update(self):self.y -= self.settings.bullet_speedself.rect.y = self.ydef draw_bullet(self):pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, self.color, self.rect)

飞船函数：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""Created on Tue Nov 29 19:41:00 @author: 18705"""import pygamefrom pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Ship(Sprite):'''管理飞船的类'''#ai_game就是主函数，可能因为这个函数是个子函数def __init__(self,ai_game):'''初始化飞船并设置其初始位置'''super().__init__()self.screen = ai_game.screen#self.settings = ai_game.settingsself.screen_rect = ai_game.screen.get_rect()#加载飞船图像并获取其外接矩形self.image = pygame.image.load('images/ship.bmp')#self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image, (128, 128))self.rect = self.image.get_rect()#对于没搜辛飞船，都将其放在屏幕底部中央self.rect.midbottom = self.screen_rect.midbottom#在飞船的x属性中存储小数值#self.x=float(self.rect.x)#移动标志self.moving_right = Falseself.moving_left = Falsedef update(self):'''根据移动标志调整飞船的位置'''#更新飞船而不是rect对象的x值if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right:self.rect.x += 1if self.moving_left and self.rect.left > 0:self.rect.x -= 1#根据self.x更新rect对象#self.rect.x = self.xdef blitme(self):'''在指定位置绘制飞船'''self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)def center_ship(self):'''让飞船在屏幕底端居中'''self.rect.midbottom = self.screen_rect.midbottomself.x = float(self.rect.x)

设置函数：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""Created on Tue Nov 29 19:19:42 @author: 18705"""class Settings:'''存储游戏里的所有设置类'''def __init__(self):'''初始化游戏静态设置'''#屏幕设置self.screen_width = 1200self.screen_height = 800self.bg_color = (230,230,230)#飞船设置#self.ship_speed = 1.5self.ship_limit = 3#飞船的数量#子弹设置self.bullet_width =5self.bullet_height =20self.bullet_color =(255,215,0)self.bullets_allowed = 15#超级武器设置self.bullet_width_s =600self.bullet_height_s =40self.bullet_color_s =(255,0,0)#外星人设置self.fleet_drop_speed =10#加快游戏节奏的速度self.speedup_scale = 1.2#外行人分数提高速度self.score_scale = 2self.initialize_dynamic_settings()def initialize_dynamic_settings(self):'''初始化随游戏进行而变化的设置'''#self.ship_speed = 1.5self.bullet_speed =1.5self.alien_speed = 1.0self.bg_speed = 0.2#1是向右，-1是向左self.fleet_direction = 1#计分self.alien_points = 1def increase_speed(self):'''提高速度设置和外星人分数'''#self.ship_speed *= self.speedup_scaleself.bullet_speed *= self.speedup_scaleself.alien_speed *= self.speedup_scaleself.bg_speed *= self.speedup_scaleself.alien_points = int(self.alien_points * self.score_scale)

想要全部的代码包（记得给我个小星星star哦）：

GitHub - huihuihenqiang/aircraft-battle-python-: 这是个用pygame编写的python小游戏，仅供学习使用这是个用pygame编写的python小游戏，仅供学习使用. Contribute to huihuihenqiang/aircraft-battle-python- development by creating an account on GitHub./huihuihenqiang/aircraft-battle-python-

四、github上传项目

点击右上角的“+”

然后选择New repository

填写自己项目的Repository name 和 Description,其他的默认即可。

最后点击这个绿色的玩意儿就行。

然后点击上传自己的项目就完成了。当然你也可以修改自己的read.me来介绍自己的项目。