Up to now our society with limited living space and a shortage of natural resources.A.

问题补充：

Up to now, our society with limited living space and a shortage of natural resources.

A. has been challenged

B. is being challenged

C. is challenging

D. has challenged

答案：

(答案→)A. has been challenged

B. is being challenged

C. is challenging

D. has challenged

解析：A 考察动词时态和语态。句义：到目前为止，我们的社会一直面试着生存生成空间有限和自然资源匮乏的挑战。Sb/sth be challenged with sth意为“某人/某物面临着…挑战”，为习惯用法；根据时间状语up to now可知，应用现在完成时。故A正确。