一、语音处理简介
语音信号的处理与滤波系统主要功能：录制一段自己的语音信号，并对录制的信号进行采样；画出采样后语音信号的时域波形和频谱图；给定滤波器的性能指标，采用窗函数法和双线性变换法设计滤波器，并画出滤波器的频率响应；然后用自己设计的滤波器对采集的信号进行滤波，画出滤波后信号的时域波形和频谱，并对滤波前后的信号进行对比，分析信号的变化；回放语音信号；换一个与你性别相异的人录制同样一段语音内容，分析两段内容相同的语音信号频谱之间有什么特点；再录制一段同样长时间的背景噪声叠加到你的语音信号中，分析叠加前后信号频谱的变化，设计一个合适的滤波器，能够把该噪声滤除。
二、部分源代码
function varargout = untitled(varargin)% UNTITLED MATLAB code for untitled.fig%UNTITLED, by itself, creates a new UNTITLED or raises the existing%singleton*.%%H = UNTITLED returns the handle to a new UNTITLED or the handle to%the existing singleton*.%%UNTITLED('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local%function named CALLBACK in UNTITLED.M with the given input arguments.%%UNTITLED('Property','Value',...) creates a new UNTITLED or raises the%existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are%applied to the GUI before untitled_OpeningFcn gets called. An%unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application%stop. All inputs are passed to untitled_OpeningFcn via varargin.%%*See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one%instance to run (singleton)".%% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help untitled% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 16-Aug- 15:45:41% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...'gui_OpeningFcn', @untitled_OpeningFcn, ...'gui_OutputFcn', @untitled_OutputFcn, ...'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...'gui_Callback', []);if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});endif nargout[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before untitled is made visible.function untitled_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin command line arguments to untitled (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for untitledhandles.output = hObject;% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes untitled wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = untitled_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout{1} = handles.output;% 系统录音function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)set(handles.pushbutton1,'BackgroundColor',[0.545,0.753,0.988]);set(handles.pushbutton2,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton3,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton4,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton5,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton6,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton7,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton8,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);fs = 8000; % 采样频率duration = 4; % 时间长度(秒） % 创建一个录音文件：fs =8000Hz, 16-bit, 单通道voice = audiorecorder(fs, 16, 1); recordblocking(voice, duration); % 录音2秒钟stop(voice);y = getaudiodata(voice);ymax = max(abs(y)); % 归一化y = y/ymax;audiowrite('系统录音.wav',y,fs); % 存储录音文件% 语音播放function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)set(handles.pushbutton2,'BackgroundColor',[0.545,0.753,0.988]);set(handles.pushbutton1,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton3,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton4,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton5,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton6,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton7,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton8,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);fs = 8000; % 采样频率duration = 4; % 时间长度(秒） n = duration*fs;% 采样点数t = (1:n)/fs;y = audioread('系统录音.wav'); %读取音频100到10000部分plot(handles.axes1,t,y);% 画出声音的时域波形图xlabel(handles.axes1,'时间/s'); % x轴标题ylabel(handles.axes1,'相对信号强度'); % y轴标题L = length(y);X=fft(y,L);A = fftshift(X);A=abs(A);ws = 2* pi* fs;w1 = (-ws/2 + (0:L-1) * ws/L)/(2 * pi);plot(handles.axes2,w1, abs(A)); xlabel(handles.axes2,'频率/Hz');ylabel(handles.axes2,'幅度');clear soundsound(y);% 语音滤波function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)set(handles.pushbutton3,'BackgroundColor',[0.545,0.753,0.988]);set(handles.pushbutton2,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton1,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton4,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton5,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton6,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton7,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);set(handles.pushbutton8,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);fs = 8000; % 采样频率duration = 4; % 时间长度(秒） n = duration*fs;% 采样点数t = (1:n)/fs;y = audioread('系统录音.wav');L = length(y);ws = 2* pi* fs;w1 = (-ws/2 + (0:L-1) * ws/L)/(2 * pi);fs1 = str2double(get(handles.edit1,'String')); %阻带下边界fsu = str2double(get(handles.edit3,'String')); %阻带上边界fpl = str2double(get(handles.edit2,'String')); %通带下边界fpu = str2double(get(handles.edit4,'String')); %通带上边界 As = str2double(get(handles.edit5,'String')); %阻带最小衰减Fs = str2double(get(handles.edit6,'String')); %抽样频率if ( fs1 > 100 || fsu > 100 || fpl > 100 || fpu > 100 || Fs > 100 )%msgbox('单位：kHz，请重新输入','注意');ha=msgbox('默认单位：kHz，请重新输入 0 ~ 100','注意');% 设置显示字体大小和粗细hb = findobj(ha, 'Type', 'text');set(hb, 'FontSize', 16, 'FontUnit', 'normal','FontWeight','Bold');% 设置字体居中th = findall(0, 'Tag','MessageBox' );boxPosition = get(ha,'position');textPosition = get(th, 'position'); set(th, 'position', [boxPosition(3).*1 textPosition(2) textPosition(3)]);set(th, 'HorizontalAlignment', 'center');set(ha,'position',[400 400 300 50]);% 使用这个语句可以修改msgbox的位置和大小return;endif ( As > 80 )%msgbox('As的范围为 0 ~ 80 ，请重新输入','注意');ha=msgbox('As的范围为 0 ~ 80 ，请重新输入','注意');% 设置显示字体大小和粗细hb = findobj(ha, 'Type', 'text');set(hb, 'FontSize', 16, 'FontUnit', 'normal','FontWeight','Bold');% 设置字体居中th = findall(0, 'Tag','MessageBox' );boxPosition = get(ha,'position');textPosition = get(th, 'position'); set(th, 'position', [boxPosition(3).*1 textPosition(2) textPosition(3)]);set(th, 'HorizontalAlignment', 'center');set(ha,'position',[400 400 300 50]);% 使用这个语句可以修改msgbox的位置和大小return;end
三、运行结果
四、matlab版本及参考文献
1 matlab版本
a
2 参考文献
[1]韩纪庆,张磊,郑铁然.语音信号处理（第3版）[M].清华大学出版社，.
[2]柳若边.深度学习:语音识别技术实践[M].清华大学出版社，.
[3]宋云飞,姜占才,魏中华.基于MATLAB GUI的语音处理界面设计[J].科技信息. ,(02)
