英文单词之说文解字（9）

前言

与传统的常规词汇不同，从这次开始，我们要记忆的是专业词汇，这些词汇大多都是有规律可循的，因为都是有关科学的。

本次共学习约70个单词，而且只需要理解记忆一遍，你就可以记住了。

最近的一个对于英语的语言说法比较认可的是，为什么英语的词汇的规律会非常的复杂，而且杂乱无章呢，即使是词根词缀，仍然是一词多义现象很多。其实这是因为英语的来源没有统一，现代英语融合了很多国家的语言，例如法语、拉丁语、德语、北欧语，这是历史的结果。也正因为它融合了很多国家的语言，使得其传播阻碍就降低了很多，被很多国家接受，从而成为了最为流行的语言。

meter

meter(measure) 测量

optometer 光(opto) 测量光的=视力表

optometrist 测量视力的人=验光师

dromometer 速度、跑（dromo=run）测量速度的=速度计

odometer 距离、道路（odo=road）在道路上测量距离的=里程表

telemeter 远程(tele) 远程测量的=遥测仪

densimeter 密度(densi) 测量密度的=密度计

altimeter 高度(alti) 测量高度的=高度表

thermometer 热(thermo) 测量热量的=温度计

barometer 阻止(baro=bar) 测量阻力的=气压计

meter(dimension) 测量的维度

kilometer 千(kilo) 千米

hectometer 百(hecto) 百米

decameter 十（deca）十米

december (十二月)

这里插一个，为什么dec是十进制，但是确实december是十二月呢？这里有一个简短的解释，英文的，但是很容易看得懂。

People mistakenly believe that July and August were ADDED to the Roman calendar in honor of Julius and Augustus Caesar. What happened was that the names of the fifth month, Quintilius, and the sixth month, Sextilius, were CHANGED to Iulius and Augustus to honor the Caesars. The original Roman calendar had just 10 months, starting with Martius (became March), and then after December came an indeterminate "winter period" of about 61 days that were not assigned to any month. The original months were: Martius, Aprilis, Maius, Iunius, Quintilis, Sextilis, September (7th), October (8th), November (9th) and December (10th). Note that the Latin names for the later months actually do correspond with their numbered positions. The last two months added to the Roman Calendar were Ianuarius (now January) and Februarius (now February). This pushed all the other months forward two numbers when later people came to regard January as the "First" month. Probably because of the winter solstice, January became regarded as a time of "renewal" for the sun, and hence the start of a new solar cycle. September then became the 9th month, October the 10th, and so on, but the original names remained, without matching up with the number their name was first based on.

decimeter 十（deci） decade （十年）

centimeter 百（centi）century （世纪）

millimeter 千(milli) million（一千个一千）